Abstract
ABSTRACT Development of acaricidal resistance and environmental pollution has driven need for eco-friendly pesticides and herbal acaricides. Rhizome extracts of Curcuma longa in three different solvents (acetone, chloroform and ethanol) were used in the range of 0.625–10.0% for larval immersion test against unfed larvae of Rhipicephalus microplus ticks. HPLC-PDA chromatogram showed peak of Bis demethoxy curcumin, Demethoxy curcumin and Curcumin at 430 nm with the retention time of 14.502, 15.840 and 17.33 min, respectively, in a standard marker preparation and in the sample. Ethanolic extract showed much higher yield of Demethoxy curcumin and Curcumin in comparison to acetone and chloroform extracts. Mortality rates of larval ticks were in dose-dependent manner and 100% mortality of tick larvae was achieved at 10% concentration for acetone and chloroform extracts whereas ethanolic extract showed 100% mortality of tick larvae from 7.5% concentration onwards. Among the three extracts, the highest acaricidal activity was shown by ethanolic extract with 2.43%, 9.12%, 13.26% and 26.77% values of LC50, LC90, LC95 and LC99, respectively. Significant larvicidal activity of C. longa rhizome extracts against unfed larvae of R. microplus qualifies them as green pesticides which could be combined with other tools for integrated pest management.
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