Abstract
This experiment was conducted on 20 wheat genotypes during 2010-2011 growing season at the Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran. A completely randomized design with six replications was used for callus induction and a 20 × 2 factorial experiment with three replications was used for response of genotypes to in vitro drought stress. ANOVA exhibited highly significant differences among the genotypes for callus growth rate, relative fresh mass growth, relative growth rate, callus water content, percent of callus chlorosis and proline content under stress condition (15 % PEG). PCA showed that the integrated selection index was correlated with callus growth index, relative fresh mass growth, relative growth rate and proline content indicating that these screening techniques can be useful for selecting drought tolerant genotypes. Screening drought tolerant genotypes and in vitro indicators of drought tolerance using mean rank, standard deviation of ranks and biplot analysis, discriminated genotypes 2, 18 and 10 as the most drought tolerant. Therefore they are recommended to be used as parents for genetic analysis, gene mapping and improvement of drought tolerance.
Highlights
Common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as one of an important role in food security and poverty the most widely adapted and strategic crop, plays alleviation and has an important role in economyActa agriculturae Slovenica, 107 - 2, september 2016 str. 335 - 344Ezatollah FARSHADFAR, Reza AMIRI (Khan et al, 2011)
A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with six replications was used for callus induction and a 20 × 2 factorial experiment based on CRD design with three replications was carried out for response of genotypes to in vitro drought stress during 20102011 growing season at the Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
Significant differences were observed among the genotypes for callus growth rate (CGR), relative fresh mass growth (RFMG) and relative growth rate (RGR) (Table 2)
Summary
Common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as one of an important role in food security and poverty the most widely adapted and strategic crop, plays alleviation and has an important role in economyActa agriculturae Slovenica, 107 - 2, september 2016 str. 335 - 344Ezatollah FARSHADFAR, Reza AMIRI (Khan et al, 2011). Reducing the losses of crop production due to drought stress is a major area of concern to ensure food security (Anjum et al, 2011). It is an urgent need to develop new genotypes with traits that could tolerate serious drought stress at various stages of growth but can produce higher grain yield under drought stress conditions (Amiri et al, 2013). The ability of improving wheat genotypes that are able to maximum use of existing water and drought tolerant is one of the main aims of increasing grain yield potential in semi-arid and dry areas (Ghasemali et al, 2011). Understanding the physiological processes associated with yield’s trait relationships in modern wheat genotypes is essential to further increase grain yield and improve management strategies (Yea et al, 2011). Measurements of different physiological processes of plant response to drought is an important information on the reactions of the plant intended to remove or to reduce the harmful effects of water deficit in the soil or plant tissues
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