In vitro antiplasmodial activity of marine sponge Hyattella intestinalis associated bacteria against Plasmodium falciparum

Abstract

Objective To identify the antiplasmodial drugs from the marine sponge Hyattella intestinalis ( H. intestinalis) associated bacteria. Methods The H. intestinalis samples were collected from Thondi coast and subjected for enumeration and isolation of associated bacteria. Filter sterilized extracts (100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25 and 3.125μ/mL) from bacterial isolates were screened for antiplasmodial activity against P. falciparum and potential extracts were also screened for biochemical constituents. Results The count of THB isolates were maximum in November 2007 (20×10 4 CFU/g) and the average count was maximum during the monsoon season (77×10 3 CFU/g). A total of 29 bacteria were isolated based on the morphological characteristics and screened for antiplasmodial activity. The antiplasmodial activity of THB20 extract (IC 50 41.88 μ/mL) showed at two fold concentration of IC 50 value of the positive control chloroquine (IC 50 19.59 μ/mL) and 14 bacterial isolates showed IC 50 value of more than 100 μ/mL. Statistical analysis reveals that, significant in vitro antiplasmodial activity ( P<0.05) was observed between the concentrations and time of exposure. The chemical injury to erythrocytes showed no morphological changes in erythrocytes by the ethyl acetate extract of THB isolates after 48 h of incubation. The antiplasmodial activity of potential bacterial isolates might be due to the presence of sugars and alkaloids in the ethyl acetate extracts. Conclusions It is concluded from the present study that, the ethyl acetate extracts of THB20 posses novel metabolites for the development of newer antiplasmodial drugs.