In-vitro Antioxidant and DPP-IV Enzyme Assay of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Enicostemma littorale

Abstract

Background: Pharmacological treatments for diabetes are based on increasing insulin availability and improving insulin sensitivity. Today, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) -based therapies aim to control glucose through DPP-4 inhibitors. DPP-4 is a transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the prolyl oligopeptidase family, with the specificity of eliminating the X-Pro or X-Ala dipeptides from the N-terminal end of the polypeptides. The effect of GLP-1 in stimulating the release of glucose-dependent insulin from pancreatic islets inhibits inappropriate glucagon release after meals and slow gastric emptying promotes intestinal permeability.
 Study Design: The current study investigated the inhibitory activity of DPP-4 along with the antioxidant activity of Enicostemma littorale extract. 
 Place and Duration of Study: The present study was conducted at Anurag University, Hyderabad between June-2021 to Sept-2021.
 Methodology: The extracts tested for a range of activities such as hydroxyl radical scavenging activity test, In-vitro DPP-IV enzyme test activity test, DPPH free radical scavenging.
 Results: The extract shows dose-dependent DPPH and hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging activity. In in-vitro DPP-IV enzyme assay activity, Enicostemma littorale ethyl acetate extract showed greater inhibitory activity of DPP-IV compared to vildagliptin with IC50 values ​​of 165.64μg/ml, respectively. Vildagliptin, based on the reference standard for DPP-IV inhibitor activity, has an IC50 value of 57.44 μg/ml. According to the in-vitro analysis, the Enicostemma littorale extract has a strong inhibitory activity of DPP-IV.
 Conclusion: We concluded that the Enicostemma littorale will be a better source for further development as new antidiabetic drugs. To the best of our knowledge, there is no report and study on the bark part of this species.