Abstract
In the present study, four different endophytic fungi (Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Fusarium oxysporum and F. solani) were isolated from different parts of Crotalaria pallida. Soxhlet and Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) methods were used to determine the amount of coumarin in methanol extracts. Best results were obtained with MAE (50% aqueous ethanol, two heating cycles of 5min, 500C). The isolated compound was analyzed with an appropriate HPLC procedure. Standard various methods strongly confirms the presence of coumarin in MAE extracts of endophytes. Coumarin and Ortho-coumaric acid was purified from extracts using column chromatography and was used for in vitro anti-HIV and anticancer activity assessment. The methanol extracts of A. niger and F. oxysporum showed potent antioxidant activity in ABTS, FRAP and DPPH. In vitro anti-HIV activity was done against glycohydrolase enzyme (á-glucosidase, β-glucorinidase and lysozyme). The o-coumaric acid showed strong inhibition of these viral replicating enzymes. The results of the present investigation clearly indicate that endophytes, A. niger and F. oxysporum contained coumarins and displayed potent antioxidant and anti-HIV activity.
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