Abstract
Considering that grape juice has high levels of phenolic compounds that produce beneficial physiological effects, important for the maintenance of redox balance, the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro neuroprotective effect of purple grape juice on the oxidative damage caused by temozolomide (TMZ) in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum of Wistar rats. In pre-incubation, TMZ increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum, enhanced protein oxidation in all tissues studied, increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the hippocampus, decreased SOD activity in the cerebellum, and enhanced catalase (CAT) activity in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum. In co-incubation, there was enhanced protein oxidation in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum, decreased SOD activity in the cerebellum, inhibition of CAT activity in the hippocampus, and increased CAT activity in the cerebellum. Purple grape juice improved these oxidative alterations. Therefore, the intake of grape juice might have a protective effect against diseases that affect the oxidative status of the central nervous system.
Highlights
Temozolomide (TMZ) is an alquilating agent used as a chemotherapeutic drug in patients diagnosed with glioma
Considering that some studies demonstrated that grape juice has neuroprotective, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, anticarcinogenic, anti-atherogenic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects [11,14,17,19,21,22], the purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and protective effect of purple grape juice (Vitis labrusca) on the oxidative damage caused by TMZ in different Wistar rats brain tissue
Its mechanism of action is based on the release of 5-(3-methyl-1-triazen-1-yl) imidazole-4-carboxamide compound action is based on the release of 5-(3-methyl-1-triazen-1-yl) imidazole-4-carboxamide compound (MTIC), generated by non-enzymatic hydrolysis of TMZ at physiological pH, without requiring (MTIC), generated by non-enzymatic hydrolysis of TMZ at physiological pH, without requiring hepatic metabolism of this drug
Summary
Temozolomide (TMZ) is an alquilating agent used as a chemotherapeutic drug in patients diagnosed with glioma. TMZ is prescribed for the treatment of malignant gliomas since it is able to increase the quality of life and survival of patients [3,4]. Dietetic phenolic compounds have an important physiological role in maintaining the redox balance [10]. In this context, it is well established that the products derived from grapes (e.g., grape juice, grapevine leaf extracts, grape seed extracts, resveratrol) are rich in bioactive compounds that act as antioxidants capable of inhibiting the damage caused by oxidative stress in the central nervous system [11,12,13,14,15,16]
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