Abstract
The aim of the study was to screen the antibacterial activities and phenolic compounds of methanol extracts of the Ocimum lamiifolium available in mekelle Tigray Ethiopia. Crude extract of the leaves methanol were screened for antibacterial activities against S. aureus, Pseudomonas spp. and Escherichia coli. The in vitro antibacterial activity was performed by agar disc diffusion method and this shows that methanol extract of Ocimum lamiifolium revealed an elevated antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, E. coli and Pseudomonas spp. The quantitative analysis of phenolic constituents was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography and shows that the phytochemicals found in each extract are rich antioxidants and these extracts can be used as an effective preservative in food industry. The results obtained in the present study suggest that the methanol extracts of Ocimum lamiifolium revealed a significant scope to develop a novel antibacterial herbal formulation and a source of antibacterial drugs.
Highlights
The genus Ocimum (Lamiaceae) consists of about 30 Old and New worlds, with some species cultivated in temperate areas
The results of the antimicrobial activity of the methanol extract of fresh leaves of Ocimum lamifolium was found sensitive to S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa
The quantitative analysis of phenolic constituents in the methanol extract of fresh leaves of Ocimum lamifolium as described in Table 3 the methanol extract of Ocimum species has led to the identification of 6 phenolic compounds, which have been described for the first time in these plants were identified by comparison to the retention time and UV spectra of authentic standards and quantitative data were calculated based on their peak area [25,26]
Summary
The genus Ocimum (Lamiaceae) consists of about 30 Old and New worlds, with some species cultivated in temperate areas. A huge range of medicinal plants parts is used to extract as raw drugs and they possess varied medicinal properties [2]. While some of these raw drugs are collected in smaller quantities by the local communities and folk healers for local used, many other raw drugs are collected in larger quantities and traded in the market as the raw materials for many herbal industries [3]. The development of drug resistance in recent years the use medicinal plant to evaluate plants possessing antibacterial activity for various diseases is growing [5,6,7]. Research has been done worldwide on the use of medicinal plants to cause human diseases and extracts of many plant species have been found to be active against many pathogenic bacteria. The efficacy of various species of medicinal plants against a variety of pathogens has been reported by a number of workers [8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17]
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