Abstract
In this study, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, brine shrimp lethality, and FTIR studies were evaluated. The oxidative burst assay using the chemiluminescence technique, MTT assay, brine shrimp lethality assay, and FTIR analysis were the methods used for the evaluation of anti-inflammatory, anticancer, brine shrimp lethality, and FTIR studies, respectively. The whole-plant butanol fraction of Heliotropium europaeum (WBFHE) showed anti-inflammatory activity on ROS having IC5014.7 ± 2.5 while the extract and other fractions of the whole plant of Heliotropium europaeum exhibited no anti-inflammatory activity. None of the extract and fractions of the whole plant of Heliotropium europaeum exhibited anticancer (MCF-7, 3T3, and HeLa cell lines) activities. The whole-plant aqueous fraction of Heliotropium europaeum (WAFHE) and whole-plant butanol fraction of Heliotropium europaeum (WBFHE) showed lethality at high concentration while at low concentration, no toxicity was shown. The whole-plant methanolic extract of Heliotropium europaeum (WMEHE) and whole-plant n-hexane fraction of Heliotropium europaeum (WHFHE) exhibited no toxicity. FTIR interpretation showed the functional groups for the aromatic compounds, phenols, carboxylic acids, esters, alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, alkyl halides, sulfate esters, phosphines, silanes, nitriles, thiols, amines, phosphoric acids, and nitro compounds.
Highlights
With the beginning of folk medicine, the usage of medicinal plants and their incorporation into allopathic and traditional medicine have a long history [1]
Mediators of Inflammation medicinal plant Heliotropium europaeum belongs to the Boraginaceae family, grown in summer, and is a heliotrope [6]
The whole plant of Heliotropium europaeum was washed with tap water and rinsed with distilled water in order to reduce contamination which occurred during transportation and handling and shade dried for one month
Summary
With the beginning of folk medicine, the usage of medicinal plants and their incorporation into allopathic and traditional medicine have a long history [1]. Medicinal plants have effective pharmacological activities due to the presence of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, flavoids, inulin, glycosides, steroids, phlobatannins, terpenoids, phenols, and naphthoquinone. These phytochemicals have less toxicity and side effects [2,3,4,5]. The. Mediators of Inflammation medicinal plant Heliotropium europaeum belongs to the Boraginaceae family, grown in summer, and is a heliotrope [6]. The antiinflammatory, anticancer (MCF-7, 3T3, and HeLa cell lines), and brine shrimp lethality assay and FTIR studies of the extract and fractions of the whole plant of Heliotropium europaeum are examined
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