Abstract
Investigations on antifungal drug susceptibility were carried out on 90 clinical isolates of Trichophyton rubrum, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes with four antifungal drugs, namely griseofulvin, fluconazole, itraconazole and terbinafine as suggested by National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) M27–A (1997) document by broth macrodilution method to standardize in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing and to find out the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the drugs. In this study, terbinafine was found to be the most efficient drug for all isolates. Terbinafine had the lowest MIC range of 0.001 g/ml to 0.09 g/ml and MIC50 was low at 0.005 g/ml and MIC90 was also low at 0.04 g/ml against T.rubrum; and MIC range of 0.001μg/ml to 0.19μg/ml with a MIC50 of 0.01μg/ml and MIC90 at 0.09μg/ml against T.mentagrophytes. Itraconazole showed antifungal activity superior to that of fluconazole, with a MIC range of 0.04g/ml to 1.56g/ml, with MIC50 at 0.19μg/ml and MIC90 at 1.56g/ml against T.rubrum; and MIC range of 0.04μg/ml to 1.56μg/ml, with MIC50 at 0.19μg/ml and MIC90 at 0.78μg/ml against T.mentagrophytes. Griseofulvin appears to be still a potent drug for management of dermatophytoses. Griseofulvin had a MIC range of 0.15g/ml to 5.07 g/ml with MIC50 at1.26 g/ml and MIC90 at 2.53 g/ml against T.rubrum; and MIC range of 0.31μg/ml to 5.07μg/ml with MIC50 at 1.26μg/ml and MIC90 at 2.53μg/ml against T.mentagrophytes. Fluconazole showed a high MIC range of 0.19 g/ml to 50 g/ml and MIC50 was high at 1.56g/ml and MIC90 was also high at 12.5 g/ml against T.rubrum; and a high MIC range of 0.09μg/ml to 25.0μg/ml, with MIC50 at 1.56μg/ml and MIC90 at 12.5μg/ml towards T.mentagrophytes. The technique was found to be easy to perform and reliable with consistent results.
Highlights
Cases of dermatophytoses have increased over the past few decades
The rapid increase in fungal infections and the growing number of new antifungal agents[2] indicate an increasing need for rapid and accurate methods for antifungal susceptibility testing[3], The present study describes and compares the in vitro susceptibility of clinical isolates of T.rubrum, and T.mentagrophytes against four antifungal drugs, namely to terbinafine[4], itraconazole[5] fluconazole[6] and griseofulvin[7]
MIC90 was noted with drug concentration where ninety percent of the isolates were inhibited
Summary
Cases of dermatophytoses have increased over the past few decades. The increased use of antifungals, often for prolonged periods, has led to the recognition of the phenomenon of acquired antifungal resistance[1] among previously susceptible strains or species and to the increased incidence of infections with less common species. The rapid increase in fungal infections and the growing number of new antifungal agents[2] indicate an increasing need for rapid and accurate methods for antifungal susceptibility testing[3], The present study describes and compares the in vitro susceptibility of clinical isolates of T.rubrum, and T.mentagrophytes against four antifungal drugs, namely to terbinafine[4], itraconazole[5] fluconazole[6] and griseofulvin[7]
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