In Vitro Antidiabetic, Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Methanolic Extract and Isolated Compound from Andrographispaniculata (Burm. F) Wall. Ex Nees from Kemaman, Malaysia

Abstract

Objective: This study investigated the activity of the extracts and the isolated compound on its potential in vitro antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and potential anti-cancer effect, total flavonoid content against alpha-glucosidase enzyme inhibition and on macrophage respectively from Andrographispaniculata (Burm. F) wall. Ex Nees. Methodology: The isolation of the constituents was done using column while the in vitro anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic was done using nitric oxide and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition assay while anticancer assessment was done performed using cell viability on various human hepatocellular carcinoma cell) and Chang liver (normal cell line) were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolzyl-2yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Results: Although, the total flavonoid content was low, ethyl acetate extract indicated the highest total flavonoids content and it’s statistically different from methanol, ethanol: water (1:1 v/v) and aqueous extracts. Ethyl acetate extracts exhibited the highest percentage inhibition (29.8 %) against nitric oxide scavenging activity (NaNO2) compared to other extracts. Also, the isolated crystals showed a significant inhibition against NaNO2. Moreover, the ethyl acetate extract showed the highest percentage inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme with optimal concentration of 950μg/ml for 50 % inhibition (IC50) while the other three extracts (methanol, 50 % ethanol: water (1:1 v/v) and aqueous) indicated activity below 50 % inhibition which might be due to total flavonoid content. The potential anti-cancer effect indicates that both the methanol extract and crystals (AP02 and AP03) may have the same compound. Conclusion: The compound isolated might be Andrographolide and the activity might be due to flavonoid content for the extract.