Abstract
Safflower injection is well-known as a traditional Chinese medicine used to improve the blood circulation. In this study, seven safflower injection samples from different companies were evaluated for their in vitro anticoagulant activity by measuring their activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) against human plasma. The screening results suggested that the safflower injections exhibited a significant prolonging influence on APTT (p < 0.05 vs. the control group), but not on prolonging PT (p > 0.05 vs. the control group). The safflower injection was separated into four fractions, and among them, fraction four demonstrated the most anticoagulant activity, with an APTT of 95.4 ± 1.4 s at a concentration of 4.0 μg/μL (p < 0.01 vs. control group). In addition, three active components, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, p-hydroxy-cinnamic acid, and (8Z)-decaene-4,6-diyne-1-O-β-d-glucopyranoside were isolated from fraction four with Sephadex LH-20 and C18 column chromatography. All three active components showed significant prolonging of APTT (p < 0.05 vs. control group). Among them, p-hydroxy-cinnamic acid exhibited the most activity (p < 0.01 vs. control group). The results indicated that safflower injection strongly affects the intrinsic coagulation system, and we suggest that this might be the mechanism by which the safflower injection activates and promotes blood circulation.
Highlights
Cardiovascular disease can be fatal, so developing new drugs with high efficiency and low toxicity is necessary
The study was initially conducted by evaluating the effect of safflower injections on prolongation of the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) of normal human plasma in vitro
Taking H-6 as an example, as the concentration of the injection increased from 52% to 100%, the APTT lengthened from 39.7 s to
Summary
Cardiovascular disease can be fatal, so developing new drugs with high efficiency and low toxicity is necessary. In 2000, safflower injections were approved as a clinical therapeutic drug for the treatment of cerebral ischemia in. Safflower is mainly used in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular, vasculitis, occlusive cerebrovascular disease, myocardial infarction, and other diseases in clinical applications [3,4,5]. Some newly published studies about the clinical effects of safflower injection combination with alprostadil and sildenafil [6], cilostazol [7] and the composite Salvia miltiorrhiza dropping pill [8] in the treatment of chronic pulmonary heart disease complicated with pulmonary hypertension, unstable angina pectoris and acute ischemic cerebral infarction have been reported. Studying the pharmacodynamic material basis of the safflower injection is necessary to ensure its safety and efficacy as a clinical medication
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