In Vitro Anticancer and Cytotoxic Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Phyllanthus reticulatus Poir. Against Hela Cell Line and Vero Cell Line

Abstract

The present study was designed to investigate the anticancer activity of Phyllanthus reticulatus Poir. against HeLa cell line and to predict the therapeutic potential by investigating the cytotoxicity of the extract against Vero cell line and determining the selectivity index (SI). Phytochemical screening of the ethanolic extract of Phyllanthus reticulatus Poir. was employed by using standard methods. Anticancer and cytotoxic activities were investigated from Centre for Advanced Research in Science using their commercial services. MTT assay was employed for the evaluation of the activities. The concentrations of the extract was 5 mg/ml, 2.5 mg/ml, 1.25 mg/ml and 0.625 mg/ml. From the survival rate % inhibition was calculated and graphically the IC50 value was determined by plotting the % inhibition against the concentration of the extract investigated. Finally, the selectivity index was calculated from the IC50 values of the extract against HeLa cell line and Vero cell line. Glycoside, tannin, alkaloid, flavonoid, phenol, coumarin were present in the ethanolic extract of Phyllanthus reticulatus Poir. The IC50 value of the extract against HeLa Cell and Vero Cell were 1.00 mg/ml and 8.09 mg/ml respectively. The selectivity index was 8.09. This value indicates that the cancer cell (HeLa cells) will be killed at higher rate than normal ones i.e. the extract is more toxic for cancer cells.