IN VITRO ANTAGONISTIC ACTIVITY OF GLIOCLADIUM SP.

Abstract

Objective. Get effective isolates of Gliocladium sp. by in vitro evaluation of the antagonistic activity against phytopathogenic species of fungi obtained from different substrates. Methods. Study of the efficiency of Gliocladium sp. Was conducted against Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium solani, F. oxysporum, F. poae, Cladosporium sp., Alternaria tenuissima and A. arborescens. Fungi were identified by anamorph morphology. The dual culture was grown on Czapek-Dox medium with glucose. Incubation was carried out for seven days in a thermostat at 22–25 °C. Results. Gliocladium sp. was isolated from the roots of winter wheat of Bohdana variety after seed sprouting in the soil for three days. During this period, the fungi colonized the roots, while the analysis of the seeds on potato-glucose agar did not detect them. Isolates of the studied genus had a significant growth rate. Study of the antagonistic activity of Gliocladium sp. against B. cinerea and F. solani 1 showed high efficiency against the former and very low against the latter. Inhibition of fungal growth was different. B. cinerea developed worse when grown with Gliocladium sp. than when grown alone. During separate cultivation of F. solani 1, its growth lag was registered for the first two days of recording, compared to dual culture. The study of five different isolates showed their different effects on the studied fungi. Isolate No. 4 showed the highest antagonistic activity. Conclusion. The minimum percentage of inhibition of the development of phytopathogenic fungi using isolates of Gliocladium sp. was 15.6 % for F. solani 1, the maximum was 81.3 % for F. poae. Isolate No. 2 had the lowest parameters of fungal growth inhibition, but it was the only one that effectively restrained the development of F. oxysporum. Isolate No. 6 inhibited the development of B. cinerea by 69.9 %. Study of the efficiency Gliocladium sp. isolates against the representatives of various species and genera demonstrated their better effect on melanized fungi. The greatest growth inhibition was reported for Alternarium species and Cladosporium sp.