Abstract
Six Trichoderma strains (collected from IARI, New Delhi and MTCC, Chandigarh) were tested for their ability to inhibit soil born pathogenof groundnut mainly Sclerotium rolfsii (causing stem rot on groundnut). Morphological observations of Trichoderma strains as well asphytopathogenic fungi S. rolfsii were made from culture grown at 28 0C for about one week on PDA media. The radial growth, fastest growthand coiling of test fungus of various Trichoderma strains on plant pathogenic fungi S. rolfsii were examined under LEICA phase contrastbinocular light microscope. In vitro percent growth inhibition of S.rolfsii by various Trichoderma strain was recorded at 5 days after inoculationat 28 oC in the 90 cm petriplates. Results obtained from the antagonism study indicated that Trichoderma viride (NBAII Tv 23) inhibited 61%growth of phytopathogenic fungi S. rolfsii followed by T. harzianum (NBAII Th1) (55% growth inhibition of pathogen). This suggested thatamong different Trichoderma strains, T. viride was the best bio-control agent to inhibit in vitro growth of phytopathogen S.rolfsii whichotherwise cause stem rot disease in groundnut.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v3i1.11845 Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 3(1): 16-19
Highlights
Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is the most important oil seed crop of India
The distribution of several phytopathogenic fungi such as Sclerotium rolfsii, Pythium, Phytophthora, Rizoctonia and Fusarium has spread during last few years due to changes introduced in farming, with detrimental effects on crops of economic importance
Trichoderma have been considered to play an important role in the biological control of stem rot disease
Summary
Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is the most important oil seed crop of India. Groundnut occupies the third place in regard to acreage and in production which provides a rich source of high-quality edible oil (45–50%), digestible protein (23–25%), minerals and vitamins. The development of safer and environmentally feasible plant disease control alternative has become a top priority. In this context, biological control becomes an urgently needs for modern agriculture. All Trichoderma isolates exhibited inhibition to the mycelial growth of all pathogens This could be due to the production of diffusible components, such as lytic enzymes or water-soluble metabolites Anees et al (2010). Trichoderma strains are free-living fungi that are common in soil and root ecosystems. They are highly interactive in root, soil and foliar environments. S. rolfsii were found to be cause for the stem rot disease in Groundnut. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the interaction between the antagonists Trichoderma strains and fungal pathogen S. rolfsii (Chet and Baker, 1981; Papavizas, 1985; Chet, 1987; Kumar and Mukerji, 1996; Hassan et al, 2013) and the possibility of mycoparasitism through examination of the coiling pattern during antagonism using light microscopy
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