Abstract
Oil/Water nanoemulsions were obtained, employing PEG castor oil derivatives/fatty esters surfactant, babassu oil, and purified water from a study based on phase diagrams. The nanoemulsions had been prepared by a low energy process inversion phase emulsion. Different parameters, such as order of addition of the components, temperature, stirring speed, and time, were studied to prepare O/W nanoemulsions. The influence of vegetable extract addition on size distribution of nanoemulsions was also analyzed. Evaluation of the nanoemulsions was studied in vitro by HET-CAM and RDB methods. Stable transparent bluish O/W babassu oil nanoemulsion were obtained with surfactant pair fatty ester/PEG-54 castor oil, in an HLBrequired value = 10.0 and with a particle droplet size of 46 ± 13 nm. Vegetable extract addition had not influenced nanoemulsion’s stability. The results obtained for in vitro and in vivo nanoemulsion evaluation, based on the hydration and oiliness, and pH of the skin, shows O/W nanoemulsions as potential vehicle for topical application.
Highlights
For cosmetics products, nanoemulsions are preferable and more stable than macroemulsions, have good spreadability, and facilitate penetration of actives into the skin
Surfactant pairs composed by PEG castor oil 54 Ethylene Oxyde/sorbitan monooleate at HLBrequired values of 10.0 produce the most stable emulsions for babassu oil, as it was present in the right corner of ternary diagram (Figure 1A)
Stable babassu oil nanoemulsion were obtained with surfactant pair fatty ester/PEG-54 castor oil with an HLBrequired value = 10.0 and having a droplet size of 45.97 ± 1.43 nm
Summary
Nanoemulsions are preferable and more stable than macroemulsions, have good spreadability, and facilitate penetration of actives into the skin. Nanoemulsions have recently become increasingly important as potential vehicles for the controlled delivery of cosmetics, and for the optimized dispersion of active ingredients, in particular, skin layers. Due to their lipophilic interior, nanoemulsions are more suitable for the transport of lipophilic compounds than liposomes. Similar to liposomes, they support the skin penetration of active ingredients, and increase their concentration in the skin. They support the skin penetration of active ingredients, and increase their concentration in the skin Another advantage is the small-sized droplet, with its high surface area, allowing effective transport of the active to the skin. This may reduce the transepidermal water loss (TEWL), indicating that the barrier function of the skin is strengthened
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