In vitro and in vivo evaluation of antidiabetic potential and drug-herb interactions of Euphorbia neriifolia in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats and it's in vitro antioxidant studies

Abstract

In the present study, the extract from the stem of Euphorbia neriifolia was used to investigate its antioxidant and antidiabetic activity. The antidiabetic potential of Euphorbia neriifolia was investigated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Standard phytochemical methods were used for qualitative and quantitative phytochemical studies. The scavenging activity of 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and hydrogen peroxide was used to study the antioxidant activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Euphorbia neriifolia (HAE). Plasma glucose content, lipid profiles, insulin levels, GLUT-4 protein content in muscle homogenates, inhibition of amylase and pancreatic glucosidase, and pancreatic histology were measured in control and diabetic rats. HAE was revealed its antidiabetic effect via inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase. In the treated groups, glucose and insulin level was found significant as compared to diabetic control. Histology also disclosed normalization of pancreatic histoarchitecture. The number of β-cells in the islets increased, indicating that they were renewed, increasing insulin secretion and better utilization in muscle by increasing GLUT-4 transporter in the treated groups. Therefore, it was concluded that co-treatment (Glibenclamide 5 mg/kg + HAE 100 mg/kg) exert synergistic antidiabetic effect.