Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani is fungal plant pathogen that infects many different host plants. Recently, biological control agents that are friendly to the environment and ecosystems have attracted much attention as an alternative to the use of chemical fungicide which have been used worldwide to control soil borne pathogens including R. solani. In this study, 53 strains of actinomycetes isolated from environmental soils, and antifungal activities of them were assessed by the dual culture assay. Strain KT showed strong inhibitory activities against 8 phytopathogenic fungi. A great suppressive effect on R. solani growth was observed in the inoculation test of plants using cucumber and chin-geng-sai. In addition, infection of Bipolaris oryzae also could be suppressed in the detached leaf assay using oats. As a result of genetic analysis, it was shown that KT was a species closely related to Streptomyces lavenduligriseus NRRL B-3173T. However, as far as we know, there is no report for biological control agents using S. lavenduligriseus. This study suggests that the strain KT may useful as biological control agents to suppress various crop diseases.
Highlights
The world population is increasing more than 7 billion people and is projected to reach over 9.8 billion people by 2050 (United Nations, 2017)
Fifty-three actinomycete strains were isolated from environmental soil samples, and anti-fungal activities of them were assessed by the dual culture assay using R. solani
Biological control agents are thought to be able to promote the growth of plants and suppress plant pathogens
Summary
The world population is increasing more than 7 billion people and is projected to reach over 9.8 billion people by 2050 (United Nations, 2017). Yield losses due to sheath blight disease caused by this pathogen was estimated to range from 5 to 10% in Asia. R. solani causes stem canker in some case, and marketable yield losses have been reported to be approaching 30% (Banville, 1989). In Japan, it has been reported that R. solani K1 isolated in Kanagawa prefecture in 1986 causes stem rot in various crops such as rice, eggplant, cucumber, spinach, tomato (Asaka & Shoda, 1996). From these facts, controlling plant pathogens, especially controlling R. solani is an important issue for improving agricultural production
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