Abstract
Instrument separation during root canal therapy is inevitable in endodontics with several unfavorable clinical consequences. Therefore, examining the cyclic flexural fatigue resistance of commonly used rotary endodontic files is crucial. This study aimed to determine the cyclic flexural fatigue resistance of four nickel–titanium (NiTi) rotary files used as a single canal preparation technique: WaveOne, Reciproc, Protaper F2, and Unicone medium instruments. According to the manufacturer’s instructions, each file was rotated freely within a 1.3 mm deep and 1.3 mm wide V-shaped groove in a stainless-steel block with a 40° and 5 mm radius of curvature. Cyclic fatigue resistance was compared between the NiTi files by verifying the time needed to crack. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Scheffé post hoc with a significant level set at p < 0.05. Our results demonstrated that the WaveOne instrument had the highest cyclic flexural fatigue resistance among the tested groups (p ≤ 0.05), while Unicone had the lowest cyclic flexural fatigue resistance. This study concluded that WaveOne size 25/0.08 could illustrate a superior cyclic flexural fatigue resistance when instrumenting root canals with the lowest possibility to cause instrument separation.
Highlights
Accepted: 12 January 2022In endodontics, the amputation of pulpal tissues and the removal of microorganisms responsible for the infection are the essential objectives of root canal therapy [1]
This study consists of four NiTi rotary endodontic files: (1) WaveOne M-wire NiTi file (Dentsply Sirona, Baillagues, Switzerland), (2) Protaper F2 NiTi file (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), (3) Reciproc NiTi file (RPC; VDW, Munich, Germany), and (4)
By using the Scheffé post hoc test, it was observed that the mean fracture time of Unicone files was significantly lower than the mean fracture time of the other three files (Protaper F2, Reciproc, and Wave One)
Summary
The amputation of pulpal tissues and the removal of microorganisms responsible for the infection are the essential objectives of root canal therapy [1]. Root canal therapy attempts to achieve optimal disinfection by removing the infected tooth structure within the root canal system using mechanical and chemical approaches [2]. The mechanical tools include using endodontic files to clean and shape the canals. Stainlesssteel (SS) hand files have been used for many decades in cleaning and shaping root canal systems [3]. Several drawbacks have been reported with the use of SS files, such as unintentional changes in the canal walls during the cleaning and shaping process, which may complicate obturating the root canal system appropriately [4]. Using NiTi alloys to synthesize endodontic files was first proposed
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