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Abstract
Curcumin is a dietary element, easily available and also well-known herb, for its therapeutic uses. On the other hand, cadmium is considered as an omnipresent, hazardous, heavy metal as well as known carcinogen, clastogen and mutagen. It is known to produce severe toxic effects during occupational exposure in industries related to nickel-cadmium batteries, pigments, chemical stabilizers, metal coatings and alloys in humans. So, the objective of this study was to evaluate the ameliorative effects of curcumin as an antioxidant agent against cadmium induced genotoxicity in Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Cultures (PBLC) of occupationally cadmium exposed individuals. The blood cadmium level was determined and it was significantly higher in exposed individuals as compared to controls. Blood samples from 40 workers exposed to cadmium, and 40 unexposed controls were used to analyse biochemical parameters like Total protein, GSH, GPx, GR, GST, LPO, CAT and SOD along with genotoxic parameters like SCEs, CCPI, AGT and PDT. The study revealed cadmium induced the free radicals formation which caused alteration in antioxidant defense system and may lead to genotoxicity. While curcumin ameliorates this toxicity by balancing the antioxidant defense system, decrease the lipid peroxidation and ultimately protect cells against cadmium genotoxicity. Hence, it can be concluded that curcumin which is herbal antidote can be helpful to protect cadmium toxicity in occupationally exposed workers.
Highlights
Progressive industrialization in developing countries is currently evident and industrial revolution leads to increasing global metal pollution as well as increasing production and consumption of heavy metals including cadmium[1]
Exposed cultures cosupplemented with Curcumin (Group IV) showed significant (P
The alone treated cultures (Group II) showed nonsignificant percent amelioration for SCEs with Curcumin (Group effect when compared to controls (Graph 4; Figure 2)
Summary
Progressive industrialization in developing countries is currently evident and industrial revolution leads to increasing global metal pollution as well as increasing production and consumption of heavy metals including cadmium[1]. Cadmium is an extremely toxic element of continuing concern because environmental levels have risen steadily due to continued worldwide anthropogenic mobilization[2]. It is a widespread toxic pollutant of occupational and environmental concern because of its diverse toxic effects, long biological halflife (approximately 20–30 years in humans), low rate of excretion from the body and storage predominantly in soft tissues (primarily, liver and kidneys)[1,3]. Human uptake of cadmium is mainly through cigarette smoking, food and water intake[4].
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