In Vitro Activity of Clinically Used Farnesol and Other Antifungals Against Pre-formedCandida albicans Biofilms

Abstract

Abstract Introduction/Objective Introduction: The emergence of antifungal resistance patients after long-term antifungal treatment shows an urgent need to develop new antifungal therapies. The ability of Candida albicans cells to form biofilm is resistant to many antifungal agents; it causes about 90% of vaginal yeast infections. Farnesol has a critical regulatory (quorum-sensing) molecule in C. albicans biofilm formation, a phenomenon that may be relevant to C. albicans biofilm formation. This study aims to prophesy the effect of Farnesol against pre-formed Candida albicans biofilms on the Intra-uterine devices (IUDs) users in Egypt. Methods/Case Report The study was carried out in The Delta region, Egypt, and included 325 females using IUDs with vaginitis syndromes with a median age of 20 to 45 years. About 291 (58.75%) Candida albicans were isolated from all cases. Vaginal swabs and IUDs were collected. The cultural characters identified the isolated organisms; the formation of biofilm in vitro was identified by (polystyrene multiwell microtitre plates (96 flat bottoms wells & Polymetheylmethacrylate strips (PMMA)). Antifungal susceptibility testing of plaktonic cells was identified by (The broth microdilution method, Spectrophotometric Modified Microdilution Method, and Colorimetric Modified Microdilution Method). In vitro activity of clinically used fluconazole, amphotericin B, and farnesol against pre-formed biofilms formed using RPMI was assessed using the XTT-reduction assay. Results (if a Case Study enter NA) Values of Candida biofilm untreated with antifungals were 11 independent biofilms formed in each of 8 different rows of the same 96 wells microtiter plate. The experiments showed the increased resistance of sessile C. albicans cells to fluconazole and amphotericin B. Farnesol was the only antifungal agent which showed potent activity indicated by the low SMIC80 values (0.03125μg/ml). Conclusion This study highlights the drastic reduction of Franesol on C.albicans biofilm. We recommend using Franesol as an antifungal agent for C.albicans in Egypt.