Abstract
BackgroundIn China multidrug-resistant bacteria pose a considerable threat to public health. Antimicrobial resistance has weakened the effectiveness of many medicines widely used today. Thus, discovering new antibacterial drugs is paramount in the effort to treat emerging drug-resistant bacteria.MethodsEravacycline, tigecycline and other clinical routine antibiotics were tested by reference broth micro-dilution method against 336 different strains collected from 11 teaching hospitals in China between 2012 and 2016. These isolates included Enterobacteriaceae, non-fermentative, Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus, and a number of fastidious organisms. The strains involved in this study possess the most important drug resistance characteristics currently known in China. Drug resistant bacteria such as those producing extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) and carbapenemases (KPC-2 and NDM-1), and those exhibiting colistin resistance (mcr-1) and tigecycline were included in this study. Additionally, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), β-lactamase positive Haemophilus influenzae, and penicillin resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (PRSP) were also included.ResultsEravacycline exhibited good efficacy against all the strains tested, especially for organisms with ESBLs, carbapenemases, and mcr-1 gene compared with tigecycline and other antibiotics tested. The MIC values of eravacycline against carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae and OXA-23-producing A. baumannii were much lower than the MIC values of other antibiotics. MRSA, VRE, β-lactamase positive Haemophilus influenza, and PRSP were sensitive to eravacycline in every strain tested. Furthermore, in most strains tested, the MICs of eravacycline were two to four-fold lower than the MICs of tigecycline.ConclusionsEravacycline has shown potent antibacterial activity against common and clinically important antibiotic-resistant pathogens. The MIC distribution of eravacycline was generally lower than that of tigecycline which demonstrates that this new drug is potentially more effective than the existing medications.
Highlights
In China multidrug-resistant bacteria pose a considerable threat to public health
We evaluated eravacycline with a gradient concentration of 0.002–16 mg/L against common clinical gram-negative bacilli, gram-positive cocci, and fastidious organisms collected from our previous studies [9,10,11,12,13], including Enterobacteriaceae (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae), Acinetobacter baumannii, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus hominis, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae
In most of the strains tested, the MIC50 and MIC90 values for eravacycline were lower than that of tigecycline and other comparable antibiotics tested for each organism/phenotypic group
Summary
In China multidrug-resistant bacteria pose a considerable threat to public health. Discovering new antibacterial drugs is paramount in the effort to treat emerging drug-resistant bacteria. Multidrug-resistant bacterium causes a considerable threat to public health. Discovering new antibacterial drugs are required to combat the threat of these emerging resistant bacteria. Eravacycline has already been proven effective against some clinically important antibiotic-resistant pathogens, including gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic pathogens [5, 6]. There is a clinical development plan in place to introduce it into China to address bacterial drug resistance. The present study was designed to evaluate the in vitro activities of eravacycline against panels of clinical bacterial pathogens, with or without remarkable resistance factors, which were collected in recent years and were similar to pathogenic bacteria that this drug was designed to treat. This study was designed to prove the in-vitro efficacy of eravacycline (presented by minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC) against major target pathogens in China, which will be used to support further clinical development of eravacycline within China
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