Abstract
Citrus amblycarpa contain flavonoid-rich compounds and play important role in suppressing the conversion of angiotensin-converting enzyme 1 (ACE 1) to angiotensin-enzyme 2 (ACE 2). This study aimed to determine the bioactive compounds in the lime peel extract and their ability as in vitro ACE inhibitor activity. The lime peel extract was obtained by boiling the dried peel and dried leaves for 7 min at 70oC. The bioactive compound of the peel and the leaves were compared. The total phenolic, quercetin, rutin, and GABA were further quantified using spectrophotometer UV vis. The aqueous extract of C. ambylcarpa peel showed a high concentration of phenolic, quercetin, rutin, and GABA than that of the leaves extract. Furthermore, the peel extract at low concentration (0.0001 g/mL) has high efficiency in inhibiting ACE activity up to 133%. It can be concluded that the peel of C. amblycarpa is a good candidate for the management of hypertension.
Highlights
IntroductionHypertension is recognized as one of the diseases of metabolic syndrome and contributes to global health problems (Balasuriya and Rupasinghe, 2011)
The fresh fruits and leaves of C. amblycarpa were collected from Denpasar, Bali in September 2020
This study showed that the lime peel extract has higher phenolic content than that of lime leaves extract
Summary
Hypertension is recognized as one of the diseases of metabolic syndrome and contributes to global health problems (Balasuriya and Rupasinghe, 2011). Hypertension is a condition where the blood pressure is consistently raised (Oparil et al, 2018) and is initiated by the conversion of Angiotensin-converting enzyme 1 to Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (Messerli et al, 2018). Angiotensinconverting enzymes (ACE, EC 3.4.15.1) are an important enzyme of the renin-angiotensin system (ARS) which plays a significant role in regulating cardiac blood pressure and cardiac output. Angiotensin I is a decapeptide amino acid, produced on angiotensinogen by the action of renin. ACE is able to degrade bradykinin, a vasodilator, into an inactive fragment through the action of kinase II. In this way, will lead to a decrease in vasodilation (Cangiano et al, 2012). Inhibition of ACE is crucial and considered an effective strategy in the prevention and treatment of hypertension
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