Abstract
Background: Although pesticide use is widespread, the contribution of prenatal and early childhood organophosphate (OPs) exposure to respiratory disease and asthma in children are not well described. Aims: To evaluate the associations between prenatal and early childhood OPs exposure and respiratory symptoms in children. Methods: Participants were 343 children and mothers enrolled in the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) birth cohort. Urinary dialkylphosphate (DAP) metabolites of organophosphate pesticides comprised of diethyl (DE) and dimethyl (DM) DAPS were measured twice during pregnancy (M±SD=13.5±4.8, 26.4±2.4 weeks gestation) and 5 times during childhood (6-60 months). Area under curve (AUC) was determined for childhood exposure. Mothers were interviewed about respiratory symptomatology of the child at age 5 and 7. Regression models controlled for maternal smoking during pregnancy, environmental tobacco smoke, season of birth, PM2.5 in first 3 months of life and interaction by sex. Results: Urinary DE metabolites from the 2nd prenatal visit were associated with higher odds of respiratory symptoms (aOR=1.7, 95% CI=1.1, 2.8) when children were age 5. DE metabolites concentration at the 1st prenatal visit showed significant interaction with sex (p=0.001) and were associated with higher odds of respiratory symptoms only in girls (aOR=1.9, 95% CI 0.96, 3.9). There was no association with DM phosphate metabolites. Childhood DAP levels (AUC) were associated with higher odds of symptoms (aOR=2.2, 95% CI 1.1, 4.4). Additional analysis will also include results for symptoms at age 7 and spirometry for ages 5 and 7. Conclusions: Prenatal and child urinary DAP concentrations were associated with respiratory symptoms at 5 years of age. Acknowledgements: This work was supported by 2P01ES009605 from NIEHS, RD-82670901, RD-83171001 and RD-83451301 from the U.S. EPA, and the Environment and Health Fund (EHF) Israel.
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