Abstract
This paper reports the indoor wireless measurement of pressure from zero-power (or passive) microwave (24 GHz) sensors. The sensors are packaged and allow the remote measurement of overpressure up to 2.1 bars. Their design, fabrication process and packaging are detailed. From the measurement of sensor scattering parameters, the outstanding sensitivity of 995 MHz/bar between 0.8 and 2.1 bars was achieved with the full-scale measurement range of 1.33 GHz. Moreover, the 3D radar imagery technique was applied for the remote interrogation of these sensors in electromagnetic reverberant environments. The full-scale dynamic range of 4.9 dB and the sensitivity of 4.9 dB/bar between 0.7 and 1.7 bars were achieved with radar detection in a highly reflective environment. These measurement results demonstrate for the first time the ability of the radar imagery technique to interrogate fully passive pressure sensors in electromagnetic reverberant environments.
Highlights
Wireless, zero-power and chipless sensors constitute a very convenient solution for the measurement of any physical or chemical quantity, because their lifetime is unlimited and the remote monitoring of any physico-chemical quantities in harsh environments is made possible [1]
The notable exception is reported in Reference [27], where a portable and compact (17 cm × 17 cm × 8 cm) electronic phase-difference detector circuit was used for measuring the resonant frequency variation of a pressure sensor
The wireless measurement of a passive pressure sensor in an electromagnetic reflective environment is composed of three specific metallic objects in front of—or behind—the sensor and is reported in Reference [16]
Summary
Zero-power (i.e., passive or without embedded battery) and chipless (i.e., without electronic circuit or integrated circuit) sensors constitute a very convenient solution for the measurement of any physical or chemical quantity, because their lifetime is unlimited and the remote monitoring of any physico-chemical quantities in harsh environments is made possible [1]. C The measurement accuracies are indicated in absolute and in relative values with respect to the range of applied pressure. The notable exception is reported in Reference [27], where a portable and compact (17 cm × 17 cm × 8 cm) electronic phase-difference detector circuit was used for measuring the resonant frequency variation of a pressure sensor. The long-range detection and interrogation of wireless passive sensors in electromagnetic reverberant environments are very challenging [29,30]. The wireless measurement of a passive pressure sensor in an electromagnetic reflective environment is composed of three specific metallic objects in front of—or behind—the sensor and is reported in Reference [16].
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