Abstract
Sc doping enhances the B-site 1:1 cation ordering in the Pb(Mg1∕3Nb2∕3)O3 ceramic. At low doping levels, the electrical polar domains remain at the nanometer scale and the relaxor ferroelectric behavior persists. The electric field-induced relaxor to normal ferroelectric phase transition process was directly observed with an in situ transmission electron microscopy technique in a Sc-doped Pb(Mg1∕3Nb2∕3)O3 polycrystalline sample. It was found that the phase transition started at the grain boundary and took two steps to complete: the gradual coalescence of the polar nanodomains and the abrupt formation of the large wedge-shaped ferroelectric domains.
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