In-situ study of the spatiotemporal variability of sediment erodibility in a microtidal estuary

Abstract

Seabed erosion is a vital process for sediment transport in estuaries and coasts. In this study, we investigated the seabed erosion process and its spatiotemporal variability in the Pearl River Estuary, China, via in-situ observations and laboratory experiments. It is found that the seabed was more erodible in the channel than at the shoal in most cases due to the difference in sediment size. In a neap-spring-neap tidal cycle, a laminated seabed with different sediment ages was inferred to form due to deposition on flood tides and erosion on ebb tides. The seabed was more erodible during spring tides than neap tides because of the difference in sediment availability at the unconsolidated fresh layer. Furthermore, the erosion curve showed evident flood-ebb asymmetry, which was found to be related to the variations of sediment availability and bottom stress. Besides, erosion experiments with different sediment consolidations revealed that sediment erodibility decreased with the growth of consolidation. This study promotes our understanding on the spatiotemporal variability of sediment erodibility, and has significant implications for simulation and prediction of estuarine sediment transport and morphological evolution.