In situ self-assembly of mesoporous Zn-Cd-Mo-S quaternary metal sulfides with double heterojunction synergistic charge transfer for boosting photocatalytic hydrogen production

Abstract

The construction of semiconductor heterojunctions is regarded as an efficient strategy for promoting photogenerated carrier transfer and enhancing photocatalytic performance. [1] Moreover, the in-situ self-assembly method of the main catalyst and the cocatalyst is believed to overcome the shortcomings of the traditional surface loading method and provide a more efficient hydrogen evolution reaction capability. In this work, Zn-Cd-Mo-S quaternary metal sulfide mesoporous nanospheres were generated by in-situ self-assembly via a one-step mild hydrothermal method. A photocatalyst with a double-heterojunction synergistic structure and a large specific surface area was constructed to form a high-speed charge transfer channel as a mechanism to promote photocatalytic hydrogen production. The best quaternary catalyst ZCM5S has a hydrogen evolution yield of 23.32 mmol h−1 g−1, which is 53 times and 11 times that of the corresponding binary (CdS) and ternary (ZnCdS) metal sulfides, respectively, and still has high stability within 20 h. Furthermore, the ZCM5S gets an apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) of 6.9 % at 420 nm. Through further analysis, such as photoluminescence (PL) and photoelectrochemical, etc., the enhanced photocatalytic performance of ZCM5S can be attributed to the synergistic effect of the heterojunction between ZnS and CdS and the heterojunction between ZnCdS and MoS2. In addition, the Pt-like structure of molybdenum sulfide cocatalyst can lead to efficient photoinduced charge separation and transfer. Meanwhile, the mesoporous structure endows the material with abundant reactive sites and increases the catalytic reaction efficiency. The unique in situ construction method of this work also provides a reference for the design and synthesis of heterojunction quaternary catalysts for green energy conversion.