Abstract
Four composites of hydroxyapatite/hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HAP/HPAM-n) were prepared using an in situ wet chemical method. The synthesis was performed by preparing a suspension of calcium in a copolymer solution having a known HPAM concentration. Phosphoric acid was added dropwise to each suspension to obtain HAP/HPAM-n composites. The effect of initial copolymer amount on the composite properties was investigated using XRD, FTIR, TGA, and SEM/EDS analysis. The obtained results were compared to the HAP sample synthesized under the same conditions and without copolymer. HPAM amount in the composite affects the retention of methylene blue (MB) dye. The result shows that the increase of HPAM in the material leads to the increase of the dye retention capacity. Therefore, the composite prepared with a higher copolymer amount was selected to study the effects of different parameters on the dye removal including contact time, concentration, pH, temperature, and composite regenerations. We deduce in this work that the composite HAP/HPAM-75 is a good candidate for MB dye retention from aqueous solution with a maximum removal capacity of 435.6 mg g$^{-1}$ and the possibility of its reuse for several times.
Highlights
Ca 10 (PO 4)[6] (OH) 2 is the chemical formula of hydroxyapatite (HAP), whose importance is explained by its similarity to the mineral part of bone and tooth and its utilization in medicine and dentistry fields. 1,2HAP has good thermal and adsorption properties and high exchangeability with metals
The in situ method is an effective route to prepare composites based on hydroxyapatite and soluble copolymer as partially hydrolyzed hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM)
The XRD technique of the obtained materials confirms that HAP was formed within the copolymer and reveals that functional groups of HPAM are incorporated in the crystalline lattice of hydroxyapatite
Summary
Ca 10 (PO 4)[6] (OH) 2 is the chemical formula of hydroxyapatite (HAP), whose importance is explained by its similarity to the mineral part of bone and tooth and its utilization in medicine and dentistry fields. 1,2. HAP has good thermal and adsorption properties and high exchangeability with metals. It is used, the last decades, in many industrial and technological applications and as a good electrolyte in fuel cells. MANSRI et al./Turk J Chem high molecular weight to obtain HAP/HPAM-n composites. The majority of literature works use the acrylamide monomer, which is polymerized into HAP or simultaneously with HAP formation in the presence of N,N’-methylene bis-acrylamide as a cross-linker. Different HAP/HPAM-n properties and structures were obtained by the in situ preparation method. Different materials have been used for methylene blue (MB) dye retention, 14−16 the composites prepared here have never been used for this purpose. We selected the material with the best retention power to determine the kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamic parameters, and material reuse for the dye retention
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