Abstract
Lithium-ion secondary batteries are commonly used in electric vehicles, smart phones, personal digital assistants (PDA), notebooks and electric cars. These lithium-ion secondary batteries must charge and discharge rapidly, causing the interior temperature to rise quickly, raising a safety issue. Over-charging results in an unstable voltage and current, causing potential safety problems, such as thermal runaways and explosions. Thus, a micro flexible temperature sensor for the in in-situ monitoring of temperature inside a lithium-ion secondary battery must be developed. In this work, flexible micro temperature sensors were integrated into a lithium-ion secondary battery using the micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) process for monitoring temperature in situ.
Highlights
In recent years, lithium-ion secondary batteries have been extensively used in commercial products, such as smart phones, personal digital assistants (PDA), notebooks and electric cars
When the temperature of the resistance temperature detector (RTD) varies in the linear region, the relationship between the measured resistance and the change in temperature can be expressed as: R t = R i (1 + α t Δ T )
Δ T = t − ti where Rt and Ri represent the resistance of an RTD at t °C and ti °C, respectively; αt represents the positive temperature coefficient of an RTD; ∆ denotes the variation in temperature from the reference temperature; and t and ti are the temperature of an RTD at t °C and ti °C, respectively
Summary
Lithium-ion secondary batteries have been extensively used in commercial products, such as smart phones, personal digital assistants (PDA), notebooks and electric cars. Given this widespread use, the safety and efficiency of lithium-ion secondary batteries are important issues. Remote query sensors are used to measure the temperature, pressure, fluid-flow velocity and humidity [7,8,9] In this investigation, resistance temperature detector (RTD) micro temperature sensors with small volume, high accuracy, short response time, simplicity of fabrication, mass-producibility, and the capacity to measure the temperature more effectively than traditional thermocouples, are utilized. These micro temperature sensors must be resistant to erosion, high temperature and stress corrosion
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