In situ effect of a CPP-ACP chewing gum on enamel erosion associated or not with abrasion.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze the in situ effect of a casein phosphopeptide-stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) chewing gum on human enamel erosion lesion associated or not with abrasion. A three-way crossover study of 7days was conducted involving 10 volunteers subjected to the same protocol: (G1) CPP-ACP sugar-free chewing gum, (G2) regular sugar-free chewing gum without CPP-ACP, and (G3) saliva-no chewing gum. An abrasion test was included in each phase. A 3D non-contact profilometry measurement of lesion depth and surface roughness was obtained of sound and eroded surfaces. A salivary calcium concentration was determined for all volunteers. ANOVA followed by Tukey's test were used with a p<0.05. The enamel depth and the enamel surface roughness of the CPP-ACP gum group were significantly lower than the others (ANOVA, p<0.05). No significant differences were observed between the treatments when associated with abrasion (p>0.05). A positive and significant correlation was seen between the lesion depth and enamel surface roughness for GI (r=0.87, p=0.00) and GIII (r=0.79, p=0.00) groups. The estimated total calcium presented in the saliva after the chewed CPP-ACP gum showed no statistical significance between the mean absorbance values at the different time collections (p>0.05). It is demonstrated that the incorporation of the CPP-ACP into a sugar-free gum significantly increased the remineralization/protection of eroded enamel surface. The CPP-ACP added to gum may be a suitable alternative vehicle, to deliver calcium ions to saliva and therefore protecting enamel.