In-situ cross-linked multifunctional polymer electrolyte buffer layers for high-performance garnet solid-state lithium metal batteries

Abstract

The garnet Li6.75La3Zr1.75Ta0.25O12 (LLZTO) is one of the most promising electrolytes for commercial application since of its high ionic conductivity and good stability to Li. Nevertheless, the poor electrolyte/electrode interface contact enlarges the interface impedance of all-solid-state battery (ASSB). Herein, a multifunctional polymer electrolyte (MPE) interface buffer layers are formed on both sides of LLZTO surface through an in-situ crosslinking strategy to improve the interface contact with electrodes, which can facilitate uniform Li+ deposition/exfoliation and inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites as evidenced by the reduced interface impedance (103.4 Ω cm2), the increased critical current density (CDD, 1.2 mA cm−2) and 950 h stable cycle of Li symmetric cells at 0.7 mA cm−2, 0.7 mA h cm−2. Besides, the MPE layer can reduce the magnitude of electric field at the interface and widen the electrochemical window (0∼5.2 V). The stable interface of the LLZTO@MPE/cathode enables the full cells matching with the LiFePO4 (LFP) and LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 (NCM523) cathodes to deliver superior electrochemical performances. Specifically, the Li/MPE@LLZTO@MPE/LFP delivers a capacity retention rate of 87% after 200 cycles at 1 C. When it’s matched with the NCM523 cathode, a capacity retention rate of 98% is retained after 100 cycles at 1 C. This work provides an effective and simple way to build good-interface-contact and long-lifespan garnet solid-state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs).