Abstract
An in situ plated bismuth-film electrode (BiFE) was used for the study of the herbicide pendimethalin. A single peak was observed by cyclic voltammetry at −0.520V associated with the reduction of pendimethalin in HCl solution at pH3.0. Square-wave cathodic voltammetry (SWCV) was used for the analytical procedures after the preparation of the BiFE using 10.0μmolL−1 Bi(III) for 80s at −0.250V. A peak current at −0.585V related to the reduction of the herbicide was obtained, which increased linearly with the pendimethalin concentration in the range of 0.3 to 1.0μmolL−1. The limit of detection attained was 37.0nmolL−1. The sensor prepared in situ was applied for the determination of pendimethalin in simulated samples of tap water and sea water with satisfactory results being obtained compared with the UV–vis spectroscopy technique. In addition, pendimethalin was spiked and determined at nanomolar level in samples of water collected from a local river. The recovery values for such experiments were between 93% and 96%.
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