Abstract
Laser-based powder bed fusion (PBF) involves complex thermal cycles including rapid heating, fast solidification, and melt-back effect. The dynamic behavior of the melt pool may cause various quality issues. However, laser-based PBF (e.g., selective laser melting) is a volatile process, which makes in-situ process monitoring very difficult. This study uses in-situ high-speed coaxial pyrometry to real-time capture emission of the dynamic melt pool at the track, layer, and part levels in SLM of SS 316L powders. Emission readings have been characterized and correlated with thermal histories at different levels. The results have shown that the relationship between emissions and temperature can be used to establish pyrometry as a process signature for overheating in an SLM process.
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