In silico approach of Garcinia mangostana and Ortosiphon stamineus to restore adipokines level as drug candidate for metabolic syndrome

Abstract

Background: Metabolic syndrome is a group of metabolic disorders due to dysfunctional adipose tissue. Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ that secretes many pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory adipokines. Garcinia mangostana and Orthosiphon stamineus have demonstrated various pharmacological effects, including antidiabetic, anti-dyslipidemia, antiobesity, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Objective: This study aimed to analyse the interaction of phytochemical compounds from Garcinia mangostana and Orthosiphon stamineus in decreasing levels of pro-inflammatory adipokines while increasing levels of anti-inflammatory adipokines. Method: This research is an in silico study of phytochemical compounds from Garcinia mangostana and Orthosiphon stamineus retrieved from PubChem and HMDB. Adipokines as target proteins were obtained from RCSB and UniProt. Result: Mangostanin, mangostanol, and mangostinone from Garcinia mangostana, as well as ladanein, salveginin, sinensetin, and rosmarinic acid from Orthosiphon stamineus, exhibited stable molecular complexes compared to other compounds. Conclusion: Phytochemical compounds from Garcinia mangostana and Orthosiphon stamineus show potential as candidates for metabolic syndrome drugs by restoring adipokine levels. However, further research is still needed.