Abstract
Shiga toxins belong to a family of structurally and functionally related toxins serving as the main virulence factors for pathogenicity of the Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) associating with Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). At present, there is no effective treatment or prevention for HUS. The aim of the present study was to find conserved regions within the amino acid sequences of Stx1, Stx2 (Shiga toxin) and their variants. In this regard, In-silico identification of conformational continuous B cell and T-cell epitopes was performed in order to introduce new potential vaccine candidates. 93–100% Homology was observed in Stx1 and its variants. In Stx2 and its variants, 69–100% homology was shown. By sequence alignment with Stx1 and Stx2, 54% homology was detected. T-cell epitope identification in Stx1A and Stx2A epitopes with highest binding affinity for each HLA (human leukocyte antigen) was demonstrated with 100% identity among all Stxs. B-cell epitope prediction was resulted in finding of four common epitopes between Stxs. In silico analysis of Stxs was resulted to identification of new peptide targets that could be used in development of new epitope vaccine candidates or in immunodiagnostic tests.
Highlights
Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) strains are food-borne zoonotic pathogens that can cause of sporadic outbreaks, globally (Garcia-Angulo et al 2013)
Shiga toxins belong to a family of structurally and functionally related toxins serving as the main virulence factors for pathogenicity of the Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) associating with Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)
In-silico identification of conformational continuous B cell and T-cell epitopes was performed in order to introduce new potential vaccine candidates. 93–100% Homology was observed in Stx1 and its variants
Summary
Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) strains are food-borne zoonotic pathogens that can cause of sporadic outbreaks, globally (Garcia-Angulo et al 2013). EHEC can cause severe gastroenteritis, hemorrhagic colitis and in some cases, Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) due to the production of Shiga toxins (Stxs) (Basu and Tumer 2015). HUS is a life-threatening infection, with a high mortality rate among children and old people. O157:H7 EHEC is the most common serotype associated with outbreaks, worldwide. Especially cattle are considered as a reservoir for EHEC O157:H7 and fecal shedding leads to food contamination. Studies in cattle from high prevalence countries demonstrated carriage ranging from \1% to more than 30% (Garcia-Angulo et al 2013)
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