Abstract
BackgroundProduction and function of natural antibodies (NAbs) constitutes an important mechanism of the humoral innate immunity in vertebrates. The level of NAbs in chicken is heritable and the genetic background has been partly investigated. However, to date the genetic determination of humoral innate immune response in avian species has not been fully described. The goal of this study was to propose a new set of candidate genes with a potential effect on the NAb phenotype for further SNP association study.MethodsIn silico analysis of positional and functional candidate genes covered 14 QTL regions associated with LPS, LTA & KLH NAbs and located on six chromosomes: GGA5, GGA6, GGA9, GGA14, GGA18 and GGAZ. The function of the genes was subsequently determined based on the NCBI, KEGG, Gene Ontology and InnateDB databases.ResultsAs a result, the core panel of 38 genes participating in metabolic pathways of innate immune response was proposed. Most of them were assigned to chromosomes: GGA14, GGA5, GGA6 and GGAZ (13, 9, 8 and 5 genes, respectively). These candidate genes encode proteins predicted to play a role in (i) proliferation, differentiation and function of B lymphocytes; (ii) TLR signalling pathway, and (iii) MAP signalling cascade.ConclusionsProposed set of candidate genes is recommended to be included in the follow-up studies to model genetic networks of innate humoral immune response in chicken.
Highlights
Production and function of natural antibodies (NAbs) constitutes an important mechanism of the humoral innate immunity in vertebrates
Proposed set of candidate genes is recommended to be included in the follow-up studies to model genetic networks of innate humoral immune response in chicken
The highest number of the candidate genes (13 genes) was located on GGA14; 9 genes were found on GGA5 and 8 – on GGA6
Summary
Production and function of natural antibodies (NAbs) constitutes an important mechanism of the humoral innate immunity in vertebrates. The level of NAbs in chicken is heritable and the genetic background has been partly investigated. To date the genetic determination of humoral innate immune response in avian species has not been fully described. Humoral innate immunity in vertebrates that establishes the first barrier against pathogens consists of two basic mechanisms – natural antibodies (NAbs) and complement system. The level of NAbs proved to be heritable [2]. The genetic determination of NAbs is not fully described as it lacks information on which genes can be considered as the regulators in the complicated network of NAbs creation and function. This study contributes to the discovery of genetic determination of humoral
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