In Russian

Abstract

The method of spin probes investigated the effect of various concentrations of detonation nanodiamonds (DND) 25, 50 and 75 µg/ml on the microviscosity of rat erythrocyte membranes. For this, a lipophilic spin probe based on palmetic acid was introduced into the erythrocyte membrane. The introduction of DND into a suspension of erythrocytes at a concentration of 25 μg/ml did not lead to any changes in the microviscosity of erythrocyte membranes within the experimental error. At the same time, an increase in the concentration of DND in suspension of erythrocytes to 50 and 75 µg/ml resulted in to a marked decrease in the microviscosity of erythrocyte membranes (increase in membrane fluidity) by 20 and 28 %, respectively. A noticeable decrease in the intensity of the EPR spectrum after 4 h of incubation of erythrocytes with DNA (50 µg/ml) indicates the antioxidant activity of nanodiamond — the ability to be an electron donor and restore the nitroxyl stable radical (spin probe) to hydroxylamine. Physiologically, an increase in erythrocyte membrane turnover is of great importance for the organism, since allows red blood cells to better penetrate thin or narrowed capillaries and more efficiently nourish the tissues and organs of the body with oxygen. In addition, an increase in cell membrane fluidity increases the activity of membrane enzymes, which should lead to activation of metabolic and regulatory processes in cells and in the body as a whole. Perhaps this may explain the successful use of DND in oncology, treatment of the gastrointestinal tract, etc. At the same time, an excessive increase in the fluidity of cell membranes at high concentrations of DND can lead to irreversible changes in the native structure of cell membranes.