In-Person and Telehealth Behavioral Skills Training to Reduce Child Restraint System Misuse

Abstract

ABSTRACT One of the leading causes of hospitalizations and fatalities for children in the United States is motor vehicle occupant injury. Risks are reduced when child restraint systems are properly used. However, child restraint system misuse is a continuing public health problem. A longitudinal quasi-experimental within-subjects group design was used across two experiments that recruited 2,448 paired participants to educate proper use of their child restraint system. Experiment one participants were randomly assigned to a behavior skills training or traditional training group. Results demonstrated that behavioral skills training participants reduced misuse more effectively than traditional training. Experiment two participants were assigned to a behavioral skills training in-person or virtual telehealth group. Results confirmed both groups were equally as effective in reducing misuse. A 9-month evaluation validated long-term maintenance of behavioral skills training to reduce misuse. This study demonstrates a method to improve certified child passenger safety training programs to reduce misuse.