Abstract

My great friend Vittorio Ricci died suddenly on 4 May 2020 [...].

Highlights

  • I met Vittorio for the first time in Washington in 1997, where the big meeting on gastroenterology was taking place. It was at one of the poster sessions, where Vittorio was presenting data on the vacuolating toxin of Helicobacter pylori (VacA), that we actively spoke for the first time

  • In the fall of 1999, Vittorio came to Nice, and, using the cell biology tools that we had, we started to study the mechanism by which VacA is taken up by cells

  • He found that VacA was endocytosed by a clathrin-independent pathway and that lipid rafts were absolutely required for toxin cell binding [1]

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Summary

Introduction

It was at one of the poster sessions, where Vittorio was presenting data on the vacuolating toxin of Helicobacter pylori (VacA), that we actively spoke for the first time. The study of this toxin was one of my laboratory’s new topics in Nice. Antoine Galmiche, had started his PhD on the mode of action of VacA, which was unknown at that time (except for its vacuolating activity), and as a mise en jambes, he was trying to reproduce data on VacA from a prominent Italian group working on VacA.

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