Abstract
We estimate the axion properties i.e. its mass, topological susceptibility and the self-coupling within the framework of Polyakov loop enhanced Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (PNJL) model at finite temperature and quark chemical potential. PNJL model, where quarks couple simultaneously to the chiral condensate and to a background temporal quantum chromodynamics (QCD) gauge field, includes two important features of QCD phase transition, i.e. deconfinement and chiral symmetry restoration. The Polyakov loop in PNJL model plays an important role near the critical temperature. We have shown significant difference in the axion properties calculated in PNJL model compared to the same obtained using Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model. We find that both the mass of the axion and its self-coupling are correlated with the chiral transition as well as the confinement-deconfinement transition. We have also estimated the axion properties at finite chemical potential. Across the QCD transition temperature and/or quark chemical potential axion mass and its self-coupling also changes significantly. Since the PNJL model includes both the fermionic sector and the gauge fields, it can give reliable estimates of the axion properties, i.e. it's mass and the self-coupling in a hot and dense QCD medium. We also compare our results with the lattice QCD results whenever available.
Highlights
INTRODUCTIONThe axion was originally introduced to solve the strong CP (charge conjugation and parity) problem in a dynamical way [1,2,3,4]
The axion was originally introduced to solve the strong CP problem in a dynamical way [1,2,3,4]
We present the results for vanishing quark chemical potential μ 1⁄4 0 for which the Polyakov loop Φ and its conjugate Φare the same
Summary
The axion was originally introduced to solve the strong CP (charge conjugation and parity) problem in a dynamical way [1,2,3,4]. Improvements upon the NJL model, e.g., the Polyakov loop enhanced Nambu–JonaLasinio (PNJL) model takes into account this missing feature by including a temporal background gluon field in a manner that the single quark states below the transition temperature are statistically suppressed As a result, both chiral and deconfinement aspects of QCD are captured within a single framework [72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79]. The previous studies of axion properties within the framework of the NJL model indicate that QCD transition significantly modifies axion mass and self-coupling [70,71]. Axion mass and axion self-coupling decrease rapidly across the chiral transition temperature and there is a correlation between the quark-antiquark condensate and axion properties studied in this model. IV we conclude our investigation with an overview of it
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