Abstract
Cells of Clostridium acetobutylicum were immobilized by adsorption onto bonechar, and used in a two-stage continuous reactor for solvent production from whey permeate. Gas-stripping (N 2 gas), an adsorbent resin (XAD-16) and a molecular sieve (silicalite) were evaluated for their use in between-stages solvent removal. All three techniques removed significant quantities of solvents, but not lactose, and allowed increases in sugar utilization and solvent productivity in the second stage. Gas stripping was the most successful technique, possibly because it removed only volatile solvents and not essential nutrients.
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