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Abstract
The aim of the study was to design and construct an anatomical and radiological phantom of a neonatal chest for investigating image quality and patient entrance surface dose (ESD). The density, elemental composition, scatter, attenuation, and absorption characteristics of different possible substitute materials were compared to that of neonatal tissues for radiological equivalence. Availability and cost of possible substitute materials were also considered. The most optimal substitute materials were selected to represent neonatal muscle, bone, healthy or aerated and sick or collapsed lung. For anatomical equivalence, a computed tomography (CT) scan was performed on a neonatal cadaver. Dimensions of different organs and structures were measured with software measuring tools at different window and level settings. Simplifying assumptions, due to machining limitations, were made. The results were used to create scaled drawings, which were used to machine the structures of the phantom. The phantom was assembled in a layer‐by‐layer manner and was validated with region of interest (ROI) analyses. The neonatal chest simulation phantom was an acceptable simulation of a real neonatal chest based on ROI validation, with an overall deviation of 32.5%. The phantom was successfully used in our diagnostic radiology division for ESD and image quality investigations for chest anterior‐posterior (AP) radiographs.PACS numbers: 87.57.C‐; 87.59.B‐; 41.50.+h
Highlights
IntroductionGroenewald et al.: Neonatal chest phantom be investigated with a phantom that is anatomically equivalent to a real neonatal chest
This study describes the production of such a neonatal chest simulation phantom, which is radiologically and anatomically similar to a real neonatal chest
Groenewald et al.: Neonatal chest phantom be investigated with a phantom that is anatomically equivalent to a real neonatal chest
Summary
Groenewald et al.: Neonatal chest phantom be investigated with a phantom that is anatomically equivalent to a real neonatal chest. The scatter and attenuation characteristics of the materials used in the phantom will influence the obtained image quality. Brindhaban and Al-Khalifah[3] used a water-filled one liter bottle to simulate a 1000 g neonate, which was a crude radiological approximation and in no way anatomically representative of a real neonate. Duggan et al[5] used “white water”(5) and lung-equivalent inserts. A contrast resolution tool and a line pair resolution gauge were inserted in the phantom for image quality evaluation. Solid Water and lung phantom materials were used. The best simulation was provided by the Gammex RMI 610 phantom (Gammex Inc., Middleton, WI).(7) the radiological equivalence of the phantom could not be obtained
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