In hospital outcomes of autologous and implant-based breast reconstruction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Abstract

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common comorbid condition that can be associated with postoperative mortality and morbidity. However, the outcome profile of patients with COPD after breast reconstruction has yet to be established. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the postoperative outcomes in patients with COPD who underwent autologous (ABR) and implant-based breast reconstruction (IBR). National Inpatient Sample was used to identify patients who underwent ABR or IBR from Q4 2015 to 2020. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to compare inhospital outcomes between COPD and non-COPD patients while adjusting for demographics, primary payer status, hospital characteristics, and comorbidities. There were 1288 (9.92%) COPD and 11,696 non-COPD patients who underwent ABR. Meanwhile, 1742 (9.70%) COPD and 16,221 non-COPD patients underwent IBR. In both ABR and IBR, patients with COPD had higher rates of seroma (ABR, aOR=1.863, 95% CI=1.022-3.397, and p=0.04; IBR, aOR=1.524, 95% CI=1.014-2.291, and p=0.04), infection (ABR, aOR=1.863, 95% CI=1.022-3.397, andp=0.04; IBR, aOR=1.956, 95% CI=1.205-3.176, and p=0.01), and prolonged LOS (p<0.01). Specifically, patients with COPD in ABR had higher risks of respiratory complications (aOR=1.991, 95% CI=1.291-3.071, and p<0.01) and incurred higher total hospital charges (p<0.01). Meanwhile, patients with COPD undergoing IBR had elevated risks of renal complications (aOR=3.421, 95% CI=2.108-5.55, and p<0.01), deep wound complications (aOR=3.191, 95% CI=1.423-7.153, and p<0.01), and a higher rate of transfers out (aOR=1.815, 95% CI=1.081-3.05, and p=0.02). COPD is an independent risk factor associated with distinct adverse outcomes in ABR and IBR. These findings can be valuable for preoperative risk stratification, determining surgical candidacy, and planning postoperative management in patients with COPD.