In binary solvent: Synthesis and physicochemical studies on the nano-metric palladium(II) oxide associated from complexity of palladium(II) ions with gatifloxacin drug as a bio-precursors

Abstract

This article aimed to synthesized of palladium(II) oxide in nanoscale range using three palladium(II) gatifloxacin(GFX) complexes as a bio-precursors. These complexes were characterized using microanalytical, spectroscopic (infrared, electronic, 1H,13C NMR, and X−ray powder diffraction (XRD)), morphological (scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy−dispersive X−ray (EDX)), and thermal analyses. The elemental analysis suggested that the stoichiometry of the synthesized palladium complexes are 1:2 (Pd2+:GFX) as [Pd(GFX)2]Cl2 and 1:1:1 (Pd2+:GFX:AA) complexes as [Pd(GFX)(AA)]Cl2 (where AA is glycine (Gly) or alanine (Ala) amino acids). The bi−dentate GFX drug ligand coordinated towards Pd2+ metal ion through nitrogen atoms of piperazine ring. The GFX complexes have an electrolytic behavior according to molar conductance test. The thermal stability of the Pd(II) precursors were discussed depend on thermal analyses TGA/DTA and kinetic thermodynamic calculations (activations of energy, entropy, enthalpy and Gibbs free energy) using non−isothermal methods. Nano-metric palladium(II) oxide was prepared by the thermal decomposition route using the three synthesized bio-precursors of GFX complexes after calcinations in an oxygenated medium at 600 °C for 3 h. The chemical composition, morphological and particle size of synthesized PdO was discusses based on FT-IR, XRD, SEM and EDX analyses. The catalytic efficiency of the PdO oxide in case of decomposition reaction of H2O2 was discussed.