Impurity effects on atomic bonding in Ni3Al.

Abstract

First-principles electronic structure calculations based on the full-potential linear-muffin-tin-orbital method have been employed to study the contrasting effects of boron and hydrogen on the electronic structure of the L${1}_{2}$ ordered intermetallic ${\mathrm{Ni}}_{3}$Al. The total energy, the site- and l-projected densities of states, and the impurity-induced charge-density characteristics are calculated for various impurity configurations, to investigate the effects of local environment on the electronic structure. Total-energy calculations show that both boron and hydrogen impurities prefer to occupy octahedral interstitial sites that are entirely coordinated by six nickel atoms. Our results suggest that the underlying mechanism of the boron-induced strengthening in ${\mathrm{Ni}}_{3}$Al is the Ni-d and B-p hybridization between the nearest-neighbor nickel and boron sites. This results in an enhancement of the intraplanar metallic bonding between the nickel atoms, an enhancement of interstitial bonding charge, and reduction of the bonding-charge directionality around the Ni atoms on the (001) NiAl planes. In contrast, hydrogen is found to enhance the bonding-charge directionality near some Ni atoms and to reduce the interstitial charge, suggesting that it promotes poor local cohesion. When both boron and hydrogen are present in ${\mathrm{Ni}}_{3}$Al, the dominant changes in the electronic structure are induced by boron and the charge distribution resembles that of ${\mathrm{Ni}}_{3}$Al+B. These results are broadly consistent with the notion of boron as a cohesion enhancer and hydrogen as an embrittler.