IMPROVING YIELD AND YIELD QUALITY OF FOUR FABA BEAN CULTIVARS GROWN UNDER RAINFALLS

Caser G Abdel

doi:10.33899/magrj.2006.26389

Abstract

Four experiments were carried out at the research field of horticulture Dept, Agriculture & Forestry college, Mosul University, during 2004-2005 growing season to investigate the ability of boosting drought resistance in four faba bean cultivars by foliar spraying of alar (B9) at rates of 0, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 mg. L‾¹.; cultar (ppp3) at rates of 0, 50, 75 and 100 mg L‾¹; indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) at rates of 0, 50, 75 and 100 mg. L‾¹ and naphthalene acetic acid at rates of 0, 25, 50 and 75 mg. L‾¹ at the commence of flowering and was repeated after 2 weeks. Experiment 1 , 250 mg. L‾¹ alar was the most effective treatment in enhancing drought resistance of Aquadulce cultivar. It increased yield of dry seeds (52.8%). Furthermore, it improved stomata behaviors to sustain gas exchange good through increasing stomata populations and reducing their aperture dimensions. Experiment 2 results exhibited that 50 mg. L‾¹ cultar rate was the most suitable treatment for increasing drought resistance of Local Syrian cultivar. It gave dry seed yield increases of 48.4%, in relation to check. In addition to that it highly modified stomata dimensions to improve gases exchanges. Experiment 3 results displayed that 75 mg.L‾¹ IBA rate applied on Babylon cultivar was the most potent treatment in relation to untreated treatment. It substantially increased the yield of dry seeds (86.4%), when compared to untreated control. Finally, experiment 4 results revealed that the application of 25 mg.L‾¹ NAA on the determinate Taka357 cultivar showed profound increases in yield of dry seeds (30.5%), as compared to control.

Highlights

Production of highly quality faba bean yield in northern Iraqi under rainfall incidences is possible in years of heavy rainfalls, in March and April, precise cultural practices and growth improvement factors are required (Abdel, 1997)
Morphological plasticity may increase the competitive ability of a plant over a range of different resources availabilities (Aert, et al, 1991). Growth regulators such as auxins, alar and cultar have been found to improve water stress resistance in faba bean and other crops (Attiya et al, 1989; El-Gamal, 1994 and Abdel, 1997).attempts were made to improving drought resistance of indeterminate Aquadulce, Local Syrian, Babylon and determinate Taka357 faba bean cultivars by the foliar spraying of different rates of either B9, Cultar, indole-3butyric acid (IBA) or naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)
Four growth regulators were sprayed twice with in 2 weeks intervals on faba bean plants, started with the commence of flowering, to investigate their ability of enhancing drought resistance of four faba bean cultivars by foliar spraying of N-dimethylaminosuccinamic acid rates 0, 250, 500, 750 or 1000 mg.I1 in Aquadulce; β-[(4-chlorophenyl)]-α-(1,1-dimethyl ethyl)-1H 1,2,4triazole-1-ethanol (Cultar) rates 0, 50 75 or 100 mg.L1 in Local Syrian; indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) rates 0, 50, 75 or 100 mg.L1 in Babylon and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) rates 0, 25, 50 or 75 mg.L1 in Taka357

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Production of highly quality faba bean yield in northern Iraqi under rainfall incidences is possible in years of heavy rainfalls, in March and April, precise cultural practices and growth improvement factors are required (Abdel, 1997). Droughted plants develop root system that are larger than their shoots and the moisture collected by extensive root is dawn up on for the consumption a a reduced shoots (Batanouny , 2001). Morphological plasticity may increase the competitive ability of a plant over a range of different resources availabilities (Aert, et al, 1991). Growth regulators such as auxins, alar and cultar have been found to improve water stress resistance in faba bean and other crops (Attiya et al, 1989; El-Gamal, 1994 and Abdel, 1997).attempts were made to improving drought resistance of indeterminate Aquadulce, Local Syrian, Babylon and determinate Taka357 faba bean cultivars by the foliar spraying of different rates of either B9, Cultar, IBA or NAA

MATERIALS AND METHODS

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Leaf area index

First fruiting node