Improving the technology of waxes obtaining from oil and fat waste

Abstract

The object of the research is the extraction of waxes from the waste of the oil and fat industry – spent perlite. As a result of oil winterization, a significant amount of spent filter powders is formed, the disposal of which poses a danger to the environment. At the same time, winterization waste contains a significant amount of oil and wax, which are important components of many types of products. Oil and wax extraction involves the use of volatile, fire-hazardous solvents. An urgent task is to develop new safe and effective technologies for obtaining oils and waxes from winterization waste. The technology of extracting waxes from spent perlite, obtained as a result of winterization of sunflower oil, which involves treatment of perlite with sodium chloride solution, was investigated. Perlite was used according to SOU 15.4-37-210:2004 (CAS Number 93763-70-3) with indicators: mass fraction of fat – 20.1 %, peroxide value – 19.5 ½ O mmol/kg, acid value – 3.5 mg KOH/g. The temperature of mass settling after treatment with sodium chloride is 20 °C, the duration – 10 hours. The following rational conditions for perlite processing using sodium chloride were determined: the concentration of dry sodium chloride (by weight of perlite) – 35.0 %, the duration of mass boiling – 30 minutes. Under these conditions, the experimental value of the saponification value of the obtained wax was 120.5 mg KOH/g. Wax quality indicators: melting point 71.5 °C, acid value 1.6 mg KOH/g, mass fraction of moisture 0.63 %. The obtained results make it possible to obtain high-quality waxes from the waste of the oil and fat industry using a safe and affordable substance (sodium chloride). This will make it possible to avoid the need for waste disposal and increase the profitability of oil and fat enterprises due to obtaining valuable products from production waste