Abstract
The AC power system is leading due to its established standards. The depleting thread of fossil fuels, the significant increase in cost and the alarming environmental situation raises concerns. An Islanded DC microgrid, due to its novel characteristics of being able to withstand faulty conditions, has increased the reliability, accuracy, ease of integration, and efficiency of the power system. Renewable energy sources, characteristically DC, have wide usability in a distributive network and, accordingly, less circuitry and conversion stages are required, eliminating the need of reactive power compensation and frequency sync. Constant power loads (CPLs) are the reason for instability in the DC microgrid. Various centralized stability techniques have been proposed in the literature; however, the grid system collapses if there is a fault. To compensate, an efficient distributive control architecture, i.e., droop control method is proposed in this research. The significant advantage of using the droop control technique includes easy implementation, high reliability and flexibility, a reduced circulating current, a decentralized control with local measurements, the absence of a communication link and, thus, it is economic. Moreover, it offers local control for each individual power source in the microgrid. To investigate the stability of the islanded DC microgrid with constant power loads using the droop control technique, a small signal model of the islanded DC microgrid was developed in MATLAB/Simulink. Simulations were carried out to show the efficiency of the proposed controller and analyze the stability of the power system with constant power loads.
Highlights
Global energy is going to “decentralize, decarbonize, and democratize” gradually.These 3D terms are determined to restrict energy prices, substitute aged infrastructure, increase ability to withstand and improve reliability, decrease CO2 emissions, and deliver reliable energy to areas where the electrical infrastructure is absent or insufficient
Distributed generators are typically linked to the microgrid by converters, which increases the operational flexibility [1]
In the traditional distribution strategies, the energy transferred and acquired through a communication line is used as an input variable of a proportional Integral (PI) controller to perform the voltage shift technique and droop gain difference method [8,9,10,11,12]
Summary
Global energy is going to “decentralize, decarbonize, and democratize” gradually. These 3D terms are determined to restrict energy prices, substitute aged infrastructure, increase ability to withstand and improve reliability, decrease CO2 emissions, and deliver reliable energy to areas where the electrical infrastructure is absent or insufficient. A power system is supposed to have many semiconductor devices; a novel variety of power system, an “intensive power electronics system”, has been developed Such novel infrastructures have distinctive features, behavior, and stability issues that are not realized because of the non-linear and time dependent behavior of power electronic converters and because of their constant power characteristic. This is the beginning of a new era of DC-based energy, which is yet to be researched, examined, and understood [2]. DC microgrids have drawn increasing attention due to the many advantages they offer, including their reliability and efficiency, simple controls, robustness and an easy interface of renewable sources [4]. In the traditional distribution strategies, the energy transferred and acquired through a communication line is used as an input variable of a proportional Integral (PI) controller to perform the voltage shift technique and droop gain difference method [8,9,10,11,12]
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