Abstract
A pot experiment was conducted during 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 successive growing winter seasons under greenhouse conditions at the Experimental Station, Fac. of Agric., Zagazig Univ., Sharkia Governorate, Egypt to evaluate the response of wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Sakha 93 to different levels of foliar spray of some antioxidant tested substances as ascorbic and salicylic acids at a rate of 0.1 and 0.2%, with respect to vegetative criteria, some physiological properties i.e. phenol components, proline concentration, yield components, NPK-uptake as well as anatomical structure of flag leaf blade grown under salt stress conditions, 3.21 dSm-1 , 6.32 dSm-1 and 10.65 dSm-1 of soil salt. Data indicated that, all studied vegetative criteria of wheat plants, decreased under salt stress condition. Spraying antioxidant substances seemed to partially overcome the harmful effects of salt stress on vegetative criteria. Significant increase in the concentrations of phenols component and proline concentration in response to salt stress treatments. Also, application of tested antioxidant significantly reduced phenols component and increase proline concentration in leaves under water stress condition. Dry matter of straw and grain and yield quality, straw and grains N, P and K-uptake were decreased with increasing the soil salinity level. This trend was found true under all foliar sprays with salicylic and ascorbic acids at different rates. The highest values of straw and grain yield, biological yield, weight of 1000 grain, protein content and yield efficiency, straw and grains N, P and K-uptake of wheat plants occurred with ascorbic acid 0.2% “AA2” treatment followed by ascorbic acid 0.1% “AA1”, salicylic acid 0.2% “SA2”, salicylic acid 0.1% “SA1” and untreated plants that descending order in the two seasons.
Highlights
Wheat is the most important cereal crop
The highest values of straw and grain yield, biological yield, weight of 1000 grain, protein content and yield efficiency, straw and grains N, P and K-uptake of wheat plants occurred with ascorbic acid 0.2% “AA2” treatment followed by ascorbic acid 0.1% “AA1”, salicylic acid 0.2% “SA2”, salicylic acid 0.1% “SA1” and untreated plants that descending order in the two seasons
The treatments were of three levels of soil salinity as 3.21 dSm-1 (S1), 6.32 dSm-1 (S2) and 10.65 dSm-1 (S3) and different levels of antioxidants, i.e. Ascorbic acid (AA) and Salicylic acid (SA) at 0.1% and 0.2% were applied as a foliar spray treatments
Summary
Wheat is the most important cereal crop. It is stable diet for the world population and contributes more calories and protein to the world diet more than only other cereal crop. Salinity is considered a major factor in limiting plant growth and crop productivity, and salinisation of irrigated and surrounding areas in the arid tropics and sub-tropics has not been diminished. On the contrary, it continues to increase in arid and semi-arid regions (Rus et al, 2000). The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of foliar spray with antioxidants, i.e. ascorbic and salicylic acids at a rate of 0.1% and 0.2% on vegetative criteria, some physiological, yield, nutrient uptake and anatomical structure of leaf blade of wheat plants grown under different levels of salinity stress
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