Improving the quality of rye-wheat bread enriched with flour from extruded kernels of sunflower seeds for food supplies to military personnel

Abstract

Bakery products have an unstable heterogeneous structure that needs stabilization. The nutrient composition of these products, in most cases, is unbalanced: it is characterized by a high content of calories and carbohydrates. At the same time, the content of protein, fat, dietary fiber (fiber), vitamins, macro- and microelements is low. This leads to the search for raw materials with high functional and technological potential and with an attractive nutrient profile. The expediency of using in the technologies of bakery products a secondary product of processing sunflower seeds – flour from the extruded kernel of sunflower seeds (FESSK) has been proved. Its nutrient profile has been investigated. A high protein content (38.73 %) with a well-balanced amino acid composition (10 essential and 9 non-essential amino acids) increases the biological value of FESSK. The content of fat (4.87 %), rich in unsaturated fatty acids (16 fatty acids), enriches the nutritional profile of FESSK. The high ash content (8.0 %) (22 elements were found) and the presence of 12 vitamins (92.3 % of the total amount of vitamins) indicates a high biological value of FESSK. It was found that the addition of FESSK in the amount of 10.0 % to the mass of wheat flour increases the humidity by 0.5–1.2 %; reduces acidity by 0.5–1.2°; increases porosity by 7.0–11.0 %; increases the specific volume by 1.12–1.26 cm3/g. It reduces crumbliness of the crumb by 2.0–2.2 times, QMAFAnM – by 4.0–4.8 times, and increases the period of preservation of bread freshness by 1.57–1.77 times